POETRY
Poetry is composition that arouses emotion and imagination by
using figurative language to react a specific emotion through its meaning.
Poetry it involves the
use of:-
i.
Rhyme
ii.
Metaphor
iii.
Onomatopoeia
iv.
Repetition
v.
Imagery
vi.
Symbols
vii.
Meta
TERMS USED IN THE POETRY
i.
Poem is a piece of writing
characterised by strong imagination significant meaning and appropriate
language.
ii.
Poet is a person who
writes or composes poem.
iii.
Verse is a line in a stanza. Several verses makes a
stanza.
iv.
Stanza is a group of verses
forming part of a poem.
v.
Persona is a person who speaks in the poem.
vi.
Tone refers to the
personas state of mind or attitude in the relation to what is being talked
about. Tone may be hungry, happy, sad lovely etc.
(Mode of the persona)
vii.
Rhyme is the similarity of
sound at the end consecutive line. Eg; life/wife or grand/band
viii.
Rhythm refers to the patens
stress and pause that link words in a unity. Rhythm is affected by presence of
stress and unstressed syllable.
ix.
Rhyme scheme is a specific order
of rhymes by using letters of alphabets.
Example; ab/ab, ef/ef,
aa/bb etc
x.
Poetic licence is the permission
granted to poets to manipulate language to suit the poetic needs.
Eg; “came they to us”
instead of “they came to us”
xi.
Refrain is a word or stanza or
line that is repeated at the end of each stanza in a poem.
xii.
Alliteration is the repetition of
initial identical consonant at the close interval in a poetic line.
Example; delicate,
diplomatic, duties.
xiii.
Consonance refers to the
repetition of consonants at the end of the words in a poetic line. Eg; we don’t
need any kid. Food is not wood.
xiv.
Assonance refers to the
repetition of similar vowel sound in stressed. Example; I like the dike
mike hide
xv.
Anaphora is repetition of
syllables at closely line.
xvi.
Onomatopoeia is the use of word
that suggest meaning through sound contained. Example; tick-tock ~suggest sound
of clock.
xvii.
Ellipsis refers to the
intentional omission of same word done by the poet. Example; cryi’n
xviii.
Diction refers to the choice
and arrangement of words in given literary works. (language to be seem simple
or complex)
TYPES POEMS
Poem are broad classified into two
type such as:-
a.
Tradition poems
b.
Morden poems
A. TRADITIONAL POEMS
Traditional poems are those which strictly follow
ancient poetic principle. These poems are actually the once that makes sure
that rules such as balance in the number of words per stanza, rhyming, and
rhythm are strictly followed.
B. MORDEN POEMS
Morden Poem are the
poems which follow only some poetic principle and ignore others. Most of Morden
poem are free verse poems. (they do not rhymes)
OTHERS
TYPES OF POEM
There are further
classification of poem.
i.
Narrative poems are long poems used to
explain a story about certain society. Example; songs of Lawino and Okol
ii.
Lyric poems are poem which
concentrate on the expression of emotion of feelings. Example; eat more (small
and stressed)
iii. Didactic poems are poems designed to give
instruction to leaders. Poem of this kind tells leader what to do. Eg; You are
pain – Arumando Guebuza
iv. Ode poems are poems that either address a person or things
celebrates an events. Example; poems composed at ones wedding may follow this category.
v. Ballad poems are dialogue like poems, there are
two or more people speaking to each in tune. Example; ballad of the landlord
(conversation tonant and landlord)
Features of ballad poems
a.
Fast moving – a single line stands as a stanza.
b.
Conversation between tenant and landlord.
vi.
Sonnet poems are poems that contain
fourteen verses in two stanzas.
Features of sonnet
poems.
a.
First stanza is normally made by eight lines. (octet)
b.
Second stanza is made by six lines. (sestet)
Example; Poem: I must
die.
FEATURES OF POETRY
I.
It is arranged in line and stanza, while other genres
are arranged in the chapters. Example; novel and plays
II.
Poetry is very economical in word language use. It
uses few words but convey a lot of information. Example; eat more.
III.
Poetry occurs occasionally compared to other prose
which are daily used.
IV.
Poetry is more rhythmical exact it makes much use of
musical devices such as rhythm, rhyme, and various type of repetition. Example;
refrain, consonances, alliteration and anaphora.
V.
It uses words connotatively (hidden) more than
denotatively (open), while other forms denotation is more used than
connotation.
VI.
Poetry uses persona, while other genres uses
characters. Example; in novels and plays
VII.
Poetry is very rich in figures of speech such as simile,
metaphor, personification compare to other works.
